{"id":1054,"date":"2015-07-11T00:05:36","date_gmt":"2015-07-10T22:05:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/82.67.161.76\/Gojuryu93Com\/?page_id=1054"},"modified":"2016-03-09T15:09:32","modified_gmt":"2016-03-09T14:09:32","slug":"les-katas","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054","title":{"rendered":"Les KATAS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Il n\u2019y a pas de kata \u00ab facile \u00bb !<\/p>\n<p>Ils comportent tous leurs propres difficult\u00e9s. Ces difficult\u00e9s ne sont pas seulement propres \u00e0 chaque kata mais aussi \u00e0 chaque individu qui veut le ma\u00eetriser. Un kata peut pr\u00e9senter des obstacles diff\u00e9rents selon la personnalit\u00e9 du pratiquant qui l\u2019aborde.<\/p>\n<p>Un m\u00eame kata fait par un d\u00e9butant ou par un avanc\u00e9 sera accompli avec une diff\u00e9rence qualitative incontestable. Cette diff\u00e9rence sera toujours visible dans la pr\u00e9cision des techniques. D\u2019abord de fa\u00e7on grossi\u00e8re si le pratiquant est trop d\u00e9butant ou s\u2019il vient de commencer la pratique de ce kata. Ensuite de fa\u00e7on plus subtile si tous les deux sont chevronn\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Il restera toujours une diff\u00e9rence d\u2019ex\u00e9cution entre les individus au m\u00eame titre qu\u2019une partition musicale se transforme selon qui l\u2019interpr\u00e8te.<\/p>\n<p><center><br \/>\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>SANCHIN<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nLes 3 batailles<br \/>\nSan=3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 chin=batailles<\/center>Sanchin fut import\u00e9 de Chine par Kanryo Higaonna.<br \/>\nC&#8217;est le kata le plus important et repr\u00e9sente le style Goju-Ryu.<br \/>\nLe chiffre trois est appliqu\u00e9 aux 3 batailles incarn\u00e9es dans ce kata: \u00a0celle du corps, celle du mental et enfin celle de la volont\u00e9.<\/p>\n<div id=\"wpfp_3a00d57230c679ab8bfbc08274bde3ce\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/Sanchin.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy fixed-controls\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=1\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>GEKISAI\u00a0 ICHI<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nAller \u00e0 l&#8217;attaque,frapper<br \/>\net d\u00e9truire n\u00b01<br \/>\nGeki=attaquer \u00a0Sai=casser<br \/>\nIchi=1<br \/>\nLe Kata Gekisai Ichi fut cr\u00e9\u00e9 par Chojun Miyagi en 1940 pour populariser le karat\u00e9.<br \/>\nC&#8217;est un kata pour les d\u00e9butants que l&#8217;on enseigne dans la plupart des variantes Goju-Ryu.<\/p>\n<div id=\"wpfp_938003d48302e7431a46e7170cf6a8ed\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/Gekisai-dai-ichi.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy fixed-controls\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=2\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 236px; \" data-ratio=\"0.5268\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 52.68%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>GEKISAI NI<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nAller \u00e0 l&#8217;attaque,frapper<br \/>\net d\u00e9truire n\u00b02<br \/>\nGeki=attaquer \u00a0Sai=casser<br \/>\nNi=2<br \/>\nComme le Kata Gekisai Ichi, le Kata Gekisai Ni fut<\/p>\n<div id=\"wpfp_dd3fd2d5a9f38234e4614c8ac88592dc\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/GEKISAI-DAI-NI.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy fixed-controls\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=3\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>SAIFA<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nD\u00e9chirer et d\u00e9truire<br \/>\nSai=casser\u00a0 Fa=d\u00e9chirer<\/p>\n<p>Le Kata Saifa est d&#8217;origine chinoise. Il fut import\u00e9 \u00e0 Okinawa par Kanryo Higaonna.<br \/>\n<div id=\"wpfp_97883841e5168eb2a7f34e58651daee7\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/SAIFA.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy fixed-controls\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=4\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Seiyunchin<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nContr\u00f4ler et tirer dans la bataille<br \/>\nSei=contr\u00f4ler\u00a0 Yun=tirer<br \/>\nChin=bataille<br \/>\nSeiyunshin est un kata chinois tr\u00e8s ancien et ses origines proviennent probablement quand la Chine \u00e9tait sous la domination Hsing-I.<\/p>\n<p>Il incarne le lien entre le Goju et le style de la Grue blanche.<\/p>\n<p>Tous les mouvements sont effectu\u00e9s avec les bras.<\/p>\n<p>Aucune technique de pied n&#8217;est pr\u00e9sente, une particularit\u00e9 peu commune dans les kata.<\/p>\n<div id=\"wpfp_6888ec96ef8952313d6c943c641620af\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/SEIYUNCHIN.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}],&quot;splash&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/logo-gojoryux512-e1446029976213.png&quot;}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy fixed-controls\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=5\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"fp-splash\" alt=\"video\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gojuryu93.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/logo-gojoryux512-e1446029976213.png?w=610\" style=\"position:absolute;top:0;width:100%\" \/>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>SANSERU<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n36 mains<br \/>\nSan=3\u00a0 Sei=10\u00a0 Ru=6<\/p>\n<p>Le Kata Sanseru contient des mouvements effectu\u00e9s dans quatre directions avec des techniques utilis\u00e9es pour un combat proche.<\/p>\n<div id=\"wpfp_9e462b57a969cb5754b5aabc2eae15e3\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/SANSERU.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=6\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>SHISOCHIN<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nLutter dans 4 directions<br \/>\nShi=4\u00a0 So=direction<br \/>\nChin=bataille<br \/>\nLe Kata Shisochin est d&#8217;origine chinoise, il fut enseign\u00e9 \u00e0 Kanryo Higaonna par les Ryuku Ryu.<\/p>\n<p>On dit que c&#8217;\u00e9tait le kata favori de Chojun Miyagi.<br \/>\nIl est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par beaucoup de coup de coudes r\u00e9alis\u00e9s mains ouvertes.<br \/>\n<div id=\"wpfp_7cb3521e55d6dd051ed8ed54fdc59c9a\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/12\\\/Katas%20goju\\\/GOJU-RYU%20SHISOCHIN%20KATA%20by%20MORIO%20HIGAONNA.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=7\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>SEIPAI<\/strong><br \/>\n18 mains<br \/>\nSei=10\u00a0 Pai=8<\/p>\n<p>Seipai est d&#8217;origine chinoise et est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme \u00e9tant le kata du Tigre.<br \/>\nIl est aussi la suite de Seisan.<br \/>\nIl poss\u00e8de nombre de mouvements de saisies pratiqu\u00e9es, entre autre, sur les bras.<br \/>\n<div id=\"wpfp_88af1c67973519549c60280a4676e8f1\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/SEPAI.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=8\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>SEISAN<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n13 mains<br \/>\nSei=10\u00a0 San=3<br \/>\nTraditionnellement, le style Goju-ryu d\u00e9pend de plusieurs techniques qui comportent des saisies, pendant que l&#8217;on frappe l&#8217;adversaire aux points vuln\u00e9rables de son corps.<br \/>\nLe Kata Seisan est un parfait exemple de ce principe. Il contient 8 techniques de d\u00e9fense et 5 techniques d&#8217;attaque avec des changements de direction, d&#8217;o\u00f9 le nom de Seisan.<\/p>\n<p>La forme fait ressortir les caract\u00e9ristiques d&#8217;un combat tr\u00e8s proches, utilisant des techniques de frappe courtes et des coups de pieds bas afin de percer les d\u00e9fenses de l&#8217;adversaire.<br \/>\nSeisan est un kata tr\u00e8s important dans le style Goju-ryu.<br \/>\n<div id=\"wpfp_495c5ac04f2510ab8781af63b15eb0c7\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/SESAN.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=9\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>KURURUNFA<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nContr\u00f4ler longtemps et soudain attaquer<br \/>\nKu=long temps\u00a0\u00a0 Ru=maintenir en place<br \/>\nRun=soudainement\u00a0\u00a0 Fa=d\u00e9chirer<br \/>\nKururunfa est un kata avanc\u00e9, ramen\u00e9 de Chine.<br \/>\nIl comporte des mouvements d&#8217;esquive ( Tai Sabaki).<br \/>\nOn notera \u00e9galement la pr\u00e9sence du coup de pied f\u00e9tiche du Goju\u00a0: kensutsogeri.<br \/>\nCe coup de pied est pratiqu\u00e9 sur le genou de l&#8217;adversaire.<br \/>\n<div id=\"wpfp_af099a8d06aee19dffe9f3b7d17ae7dc\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/KURURUNFA.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=10\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Une interpr\u00e9tation par le Karat\u00e9 Club de Tremblay-en-France ensuite :<\/p>\n<div id=\"wpfp_6e5984ddf13e8e7aa5c5b02e6e4c80d3\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/12\\\/Katas%20goju\\\/KURURUNFA%20GOJURYU%20TREMBLAY%20EN%20FRANCE.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=11\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>SUPARINPEI<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n108 mains<br \/>\nSu=1\u00a0\u00a0 Pa=100\u00a0\u00a0 Rin=0\u00a0\u00a0 Pei=8<br \/>\nLe chiffre 108 a un sens tr\u00e8s sp\u00e9cial dans la religion Bouddhiste.<\/p>\n<p>Il repr\u00e9sente les 108 passions du diable.<\/p>\n<p>Dans les temples bouddhiste, 108 coups de cloches retentissent le 31 d\u00e9cembre \u00e0 minuit, afin de chasser les mauvais esprit.<br \/>\nSuparinpei C&#8217;est le kata le plus long du Goju-Ryu.<br \/>\n<div id=\"wpfp_78d4ee172f75619c8a1f73626c7eab88\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/SUPARINPEI.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=12\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p>TENSHO<br \/>\nLes mains tournantes<br \/>\net fluide<br \/>\nTen=tourner,changer\u00a0\u00a0 Sho=paume<br \/>\nTensho fut cr\u00e9\u00e9 par Chojun Miyagi.<br \/>\nC&#8217;est une combinaison de mouvements de mains souples et fluides, avec une forte tension dynamique en fin de mouvement, une respiration profonde et une force de concentration dans le Tanden ( point de force ).<br \/>\nC&#8217;est un Kata caract\u00e9ristique du style Goju-Ryu.<br \/>\n<div id=\"wpfp_4665bf60d8e65b56c9e2d51eef74b827\" data-item=\"{&quot;sources&quot;:[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.gojuryu93.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/Tensho.mp4&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video\\\/mp4&quot;}]}\" class=\"flowplayer no-brand is-splash is-paused skin-slim no-svg fp-slim fp-edgy\" data-fv-embed=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054&amp;fv_player_embed=13\" style=\"position:relative; max-width: 448px; max-height: 336px; \" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-live=\"true\">\n\t<div class=\"fp-ratio\" style=\"padding-top: 75%\"><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"fp-ui\"><noscript>Please enable JavaScript<\/noscript><div class=\"fp-play fp-visible\"><svg class=\"fp-play-sharp-fill\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\"><defs><style>.fp-color-play{opacity:0.65;}.controlbutton{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><title>play-sharp-fill<\/title><path class=\"fp-color-play\" d=\"M49.9217-.078a50,50,0,1,0,50,50A50.0564,50.0564,0,0,0,49.9217-.078Z\"\/><polygon class=\"controlbutton\" points=\"73.601 50 37.968 70.573 37.968 29.427 73.601 50\" filter=\"url(#f1)\"\/><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fp-preload\"><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><b><\/b><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='fvp-share-bar'><div><a class=\"sharing-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1054\" target=\"_blank\">Link<\/a><\/div><div><label><a class=\"embed-code-toggle\" href=\"#\"><strong>Embed<\/strong><\/a><\/label><\/div><div class=\"embed-code\"><label>Copy and paste this HTML code into your webpage to embed.<\/label><textarea><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"maxbutton-3 maxbutton maxbutton-en-savoir-plus-karate\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"\/?page_id=1068\"><span class='mb-text'>Les d\u00e9fenses<\/span><\/a> \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <a class=\"maxbutton-6 maxbutton maxbutton-en-savoir-plus-karate\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"\/?page_id=1058\"><span class='mb-text'>Passages de grades adultes<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Il n\u2019y a pas de kata \u00ab facile \u00bb ! Ils comportent tous leurs propres difficult\u00e9s. Ces difficult\u00e9s ne sont pas seulement propres \u00e0 chaque kata mais aussi \u00e0 chaque individu qui veut le ma\u00eetriser. Un kata peut pr\u00e9senter des obstacles diff\u00e9rents selon la personnalit\u00e9 du pratiquant qui l\u2019aborde. Un m\u00eame kata fait par un [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1054","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/P6TujZ-h0","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1056,"url":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1056","url_meta":{"origin":1054,"position":0},"title":"Passage de grade Enfant","author":"Team-Goju","date":"11 juillet 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Retrouvez sur cette page les kihons et listes de katas demand\u00e9s par le Karat\u00e9 Club de Tremblay-en-France lors des passages de grades de la ceinture jaune \u00e0 la ceinture marron pour les enfants. Pour ceux qui d\u00e9sirent les travailler \u00e0 la maison, vous pourrez t\u00e9l\u00e9charger l\u2019ensemble des kihons\u00a0 en cliquant\u2026","rel":"","context":"Article similaire","block_context":{"text":"Article similaire","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"6e Kyu Ceinture blanche","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gojuryu93.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/white-karat%C3%A9.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1063,"url":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1063","url_meta":{"origin":1054,"position":1},"title":"Passage de grades Kobudo","author":"Team-Goju","date":"11 juillet 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Lors des passages de grades kobudo traditionnel, un certain nombre de pratiques et techniques sont requises pour pouvoir obtenir le grade souhait\u00e9. Les techniques demand\u00e9es sont pr\u00e9sentes dans le tableau r\u00e9capitulatif pr\u00e9sent sur cette page et en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 ce qui est demand\u00e9 par la Ligue Oshuka\u00ef France pour le\u2026","rel":"","context":"Article similaire","block_context":{"text":"Article similaire","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"5e kyu Ceinture jaune","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gojuryu93.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/yellow-e1483194264660.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1058,"url":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1058","url_meta":{"origin":1054,"position":2},"title":"Passage de grade Adultes","author":"Team-Goju","date":"11 juillet 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Retrouvez sur cette page les kihons et listes de katas demand\u00e9s par le Karat\u00e9 Club de Tremblay-en-France lors des passages de grades de la ceinture jaune \u00e0 la ceinture marron. Pour ceux qui d\u00e9sirent les travailler \u00e0 la maison, vous pourrez t\u00e9l\u00e9charger l'ensemble des kihons\u00a0 en cliquant sur le bouton.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Article similaire","block_context":{"text":"Article similaire","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"5e kyu Ceinture jaune","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gojuryu93.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/yellow.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1060,"url":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1060","url_meta":{"origin":1054,"position":3},"title":"Les armes du Kobudo","author":"Team-Goju","date":"11 juillet 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Le b\u00e2ton long - bo jutsu Appel\u00e9 \u00e9galement \u00ab Konpo \u00bb \u00e0 Okinawa ou \u00ab Komb\u00f4 \u00bb au Japon, il s'agit d'un b\u00e2ton en ch\u00eane, n\u00e9flier, arec ou kuba (esp\u00e8ce de palmier). Ce sont des arbres solides, originaires de la zone subtropicale d'Okinawa. \u00a0Le milieu du B\u00f4 est plus \u00e9pais\u2026","rel":"","context":"Article similaire","block_context":{"text":"Article similaire","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"\u00a9 2016 kar\u00e9t\u00e9 Club Tremblay-en-France","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gojuryu93.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/bo_jutsu_kobudo_demo_2014-300x178.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gojuryu93.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/bo_jutsu_kobudo_demo_2014-300x178.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gojuryu93.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/bo_jutsu_kobudo_demo_2014-300x178.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1052,"url":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1052","url_meta":{"origin":1054,"position":4},"title":"Les frappes","author":"Team-Goju","date":"11 juillet 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0ATEMI : Coup frapp\u00e9 sur le corps (ate - mi) Nous allons d\u00e9crire dans cette page les parties du corps avec lesquelles on peut porter des coups en Goju-ryu. Pour quelques unes d'entre-elles,\u00a0 en illustration la fa\u00e7on de proc\u00e9der. Nous expliquerons \u00e9galement, succinctement, le pourquoi de cette frappe et son\u2026","rel":"","context":"Article similaire","block_context":{"text":"Article similaire","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"211","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gojuryu93.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/211.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1339,"url":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/?page_id=1339","url_meta":{"origin":1054,"position":5},"title":"Historique du club","author":"Team-Goju","date":"6 d\u00e9cembre 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Le Karat\u00e9 Club de Tremblay-en-France est en perp\u00e9tuelle croissance et accentue son action vers la promotion du karat\u00e9 Goju-Ryu, dont il est le seul repr\u00e9sentant dans le d\u00e9partement de la Seine-Saint-Denis et aussi du Kobudo dans la pure tradition d\u2019Okinawa. Notre club fut fond\u00e9 en 1967, par Daniel DJADEL. A\u2026","rel":"","context":"Article similaire","block_context":{"text":"Article similaire","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"Toguchi_karatemag_1969","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gojuryu93.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Toguchi_karatemag_1969.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1054"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1054\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gojuryu93.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}